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Introduction to CSS Matrix

The CSS function matrix() describes a homogeneous matrix for 2D transformation. The function would be used to integrate all of these transformations into one. It is like transform shorthand, i.e., it can integrate a group of transforms into a single declaration matrix. The designers can place and structure their transformations exactly wherever they want with the matrix() function.

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How Does Matrix Work in CSS?

The matrix() function merges two transforms into one matrix. The working of the matrix() function can be defined with six values as shown below:

matrix (a, b, c, d, tx, ty)

tx: This parameter specifies linear x-axis translations.

ty: This parameter specifies linear y-axis translations.

Examples to Implement CSS Matrix

Below are the examples of CSS Matrix:

Example #1

In this example, .matrix_class displays matrix elements using the transform property. It includes all the CSS styles for the matrix element.

Code:

h2 { color: green; } .matrix_class { transform-origin: 0 0; transform: matrix(0.5, 0.5, -0.5, 0.5, 350, -50); font-size: 20px; font-weight: bold; width: 200px; padding: 30px; background: grey; color: white; } Hello World…Welcome to EDUCBA…

Output:

Example #2

In the example, we have used two classes, i.e., matrix_class and skew_class. The skew() function transforms an element in a 2D plane, which means we can pick a point and push or pull it in diverse directions.

Code:

.matrix_class { transform: matrix(2, 1, -1, 1, 200, 150); } .skew_class { transform-origin: right; transform: skew(-0.10turn, 45deg); }

Output:

Example #3

Code:

div{ width:300px; height:130px; color:#FFDAB9; background:grey; margin:5px; border:1px solid red; transition-duration:2s; padding:5px; -webkit-transition-duration:3s; line-height:5em; font-size:25px; } .matrix_class:hover{ transform:matrix(1, 0, 0, 1, 150, 50); -ms-transform:matrix(1, 0, 0, 1, 200, 30); /* It is is used for internet explorer 9*/ -webkit-transform:matrix(1, 0, 0, 1, 150, 50); /* It is used for Safari and Chrome */ }

Output:

Example #4

In the example, we are using the matrix for flipping the elements. The matrix (-1, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1) is used to flip the image when the user hovers on it.

Code:

img{ box-shadow:3px 3px 3px #F0E68C; width:250px; margin:5px; transition-duration:3s; -webkit-transition-duration:3s; } #matrix_img:hover{ transform:matrix(-1, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1); -ms-transform:matrix(-1, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1); /* It is is used for internet explorer 9 */ -webkit-transform:matrix(-1, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1); /* It is used for Safari and Chrome */ }

Output:

Example #5

Code:

.matrix_class { transform: matrix(0.9, 0.9, -0.8, 0.8, 150, -50); } .skew_class { transform-origin: left; transform: skew(-0.10turn, 45deg); }

Output:

Example #6

Code:

div { width: 230px; height: 100px; background-color: #00CED1; border: 1px dotted grey; } div#matrix_class { -ms-transform: matrix(1, -0.4, 0, 1, 1, 0); /* It is is used for internet explorer 9 */ -webkit-transform: matrix(1, -0.4, 0, 1, 1, 0); /* It is is used for Safari */ transform: matrix(1, -0.4, 0, 1, 1, 0); /* This is standard syntax */ } div#matrix_class1 { -ms-transform: matrix(1, 1, 0.5, 1, 120, 0); /* It is is used for internet explorer 9 */ -webkit-transform: matrix(1, 0, 0.5, 1, 150, 0); /* It is is used for Safari */ transform: matrix(1, 0, 0.5, 1, 150, 0); /* This is standard syntax */ } This div is a Normal div element… This div is formed using the matrix() method… This div is formed using the another matrix() method…

Output:

Conclusion

This article presents an overview of CSS transforms and describes how they can be replaced with a single CSS matrix transform. It demonstrates where the numbers originate from in matrix CSS, the outcome of matrix multiplication. The transform is a transition in an object’s shape or size. The designers can scale, skew, rotate, or translate the object.