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Introduction to Java concurrency interview questions Part 1 – Java concurrency Interview Questions (Basic)

This first part covers basic interview questions and answers:

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Computers may have several CPU’s or they may have many cores with only one CPU. By managing all these cores and building applications based on this, will be the key to build an outstanding application which is known as concurrency. It is the ability to run many processes at the same time.

Concurrence is one of the most popular topics in Java Interview Questions. Here is a list of questions from an interview perspective that may help you crack the interview.

Q1. How to create a thread in Java?

Answer:

Q2. What is the difference between Thread and Process?

Answer:

Process:

When a program is in execution, it is known as a process. It controls the blocks of any operation in any process. Process controls blocks that contain information about all the processes.

Thread:

Q3. What are the atomic operations and methods in Java Concurrency?

Answer:

Atomic operations or concurrency performs a single unit of task without involving any other operations or processes. Atomic operations are important for multi-threaded environments like Java to avoid data unpredictability.

CompareAndSet()– This method returns true when it gets succeded, else returns false.

LazySet()– It writes the value to the memory location in a particular interval of time or maybe reordered by subsequent relevant memory operations. One such use case is nullifying references, for the collection of garbage, which can never be accessed again.

Q4. What are concurrent collection classes in Java Concurrency?

Answer:

Concurrent Collection classes support concurrency of adjustable and retrievals expected concurrency for making updates.

Major classes include CopyOnWriteArrayList, ConcurrentHashMap and CopyOnWriteArraySet

Q5. What are the differences between sleep and wait for methods in Java?

Answer:

The wait method is initialized in object class that tells the calling thread or current thread to wait until another thread invokes and is also used for inter-thread communication, while the sleep method is used to pause the execution of the current thread for a particular time and then it restarts again.

Q6. How do Traditional collections differ from Concurrent collections?

Answer:

Thread safety is the most important aspect in java which is ensured only by using Concurrent collections like ConcurrentMap and ConcurrentHashMap and we cannot have thread safety while using Traditional collections like Array, LinkedList etc. In Traditional collections if a thread is running and is another existing thread tries to add elements while running, we will get a RunTimeException which can avoided in Concurrent collections.

Q7. What is the use of CountDownLatch? Q8. What is a Cyclicbarrier in Java Concurrency?

Answer:

Q9. What is the use of Exchanger in Java?

Answer:

Conclusion

Java is a high-level programming language in which we can develop many multi-threaded programs and applications

By managing cores and building applications is the key to build an outstanding application which is known as concurrency.

Thread and concurrency is one of the most popular topics in Java Programming.

When a program is in execution, it is known as a process whereas a thread is a part of the process which executes based on three states: Run, Ready, and block.